from sympy.core.basic import Basic
from sympy import (sympify, eye, sin, cos, rot_axis1, rot_axis2,
rot_axis3, ImmutableMatrix as Matrix, Symbol)
from sympy.core.cache import cacheit
import sympy.vector
[docs]class Orienter(Basic):
"""
Super-class for all orienter classes.
"""
[docs] def rotation_matrix(self):
"""
The rotation matrix corresponding to this orienter
instance.
"""
return self._parent_orient
[docs]class AxisOrienter(Orienter):
"""
Class to denote an axis orienter.
"""
def __new__(cls, angle, axis):
if not isinstance(axis, sympy.vector.Vector):
raise TypeError("axis should be a Vector")
angle = sympify(angle)
obj = super(AxisOrienter, cls).__new__(cls, angle,
axis)
obj._angle = angle
obj._axis = axis
return obj
[docs] def __init__(self, angle, axis):
"""
Axis rotation is a rotation about an arbitrary axis by
some angle. The angle is supplied as a SymPy expr scalar, and
the axis is supplied as a Vector.
Parameters
==========
angle : Expr
The angle by which the new system is to be rotated
axis : Vector
The axis around which the rotation has to be performed
Examples
========
>>> from sympy.vector import CoordSysCartesian
>>> from sympy import symbols
>>> q1 = symbols('q1')
>>> N = CoordSysCartesian('N')
>>> from sympy.vector import AxisOrienter
>>> orienter = AxisOrienter(q1, N.i + 2 * N.j)
>>> B = N.orient_new('B', (orienter, ))
"""
# Dummy initializer for docstrings
pass
@cacheit
[docs] def rotation_matrix(self, system):
"""
The rotation matrix corresponding to this orienter
instance.
Parameters
==========
system : CoordSysCartesian
The coordinate system wrt which the rotation matrix
is to be computed
"""
axis = sympy.vector.express(self.axis, system).normalize()
axis = axis.to_matrix(system)
theta = self.angle
parent_orient = ((eye(3) - axis * axis.T) * cos(theta) +
Matrix([[0, -axis[2], axis[1]],
[axis[2], 0, -axis[0]],
[-axis[1], axis[0], 0]]) * sin(theta) +
axis * axis.T)
parent_orient = parent_orient.T
return parent_orient
@property
def angle(self):
return self._angle
@property
def axis(self):
return self._axis
class ThreeAngleOrienter(Orienter):
"""
Super-class for Body and Space orienters.
"""
def __new__(cls, angle1, angle2, angle3, rot_order):
approved_orders = ('123', '231', '312', '132', '213',
'321', '121', '131', '212', '232',
'313', '323', '')
original_rot_order = rot_order
rot_order = str(rot_order).upper()
if not (len(rot_order) == 3):
raise TypeError('rot_order should be a str of length 3')
rot_order = [i.replace('X', '1') for i in rot_order]
rot_order = [i.replace('Y', '2') for i in rot_order]
rot_order = [i.replace('Z', '3') for i in rot_order]
rot_order = ''.join(rot_order)
if rot_order not in approved_orders:
raise TypeError('Invalid rot_type parameter')
a1 = int(rot_order[0])
a2 = int(rot_order[1])
a3 = int(rot_order[2])
angle1 = sympify(angle1)
angle2 = sympify(angle2)
angle3 = sympify(angle3)
if cls._in_order:
parent_orient = (_rot(a1, angle1) *
_rot(a2, angle2) *
_rot(a3, angle3))
else:
parent_orient = (_rot(a3, angle3) *
_rot(a2, angle2) *
_rot(a1, angle1))
parent_orient = parent_orient.T
obj = super(ThreeAngleOrienter, cls).__new__(
cls, angle1, angle2, angle3, Symbol(original_rot_order))
obj._angle1 = angle1
obj._angle2 = angle2
obj._angle3 = angle3
obj._rot_order = original_rot_order
obj._parent_orient = parent_orient
return obj
@property
def angle1(self):
return self._angle1
@property
def angle2(self):
return self._angle2
@property
def angle3(self):
return self._angle3
@property
def rot_order(self):
return self._rot_order
[docs]class BodyOrienter(ThreeAngleOrienter):
"""
Class to denote a body-orienter.
"""
_in_order = True
def __new__(cls, angle1, angle2, angle3, rot_order):
obj = ThreeAngleOrienter.__new__(cls, angle1, angle2, angle3,
rot_order)
return obj
[docs] def __init__(self, angle1, angle2, angle3, rot_order):
"""
Body orientation takes this coordinate system through three
successive simple rotations.
Body fixed rotations include both Euler Angles and
Tait-Bryan Angles, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler_angles.
Parameters
==========
angle1, angle2, angle3 : Expr
Three successive angles to rotate the coordinate system by
rotation_order : string
String defining the order of axes for rotation
Examples
========
>>> from sympy.vector import CoordSysCartesian, BodyOrienter
>>> from sympy import symbols
>>> q1, q2, q3 = symbols('q1 q2 q3')
>>> N = CoordSysCartesian('N')
A 'Body' fixed rotation is described by three angles and
three body-fixed rotation axes. To orient a coordinate system D
with respect to N, each sequential rotation is always about
the orthogonal unit vectors fixed to D. For example, a '123'
rotation will specify rotations about N.i, then D.j, then
D.k. (Initially, D.i is same as N.i)
Therefore,
>>> body_orienter = BodyOrienter(q1, q2, q3, '123')
>>> D = N.orient_new('D', (body_orienter, ))
is same as
>>> from sympy.vector import AxisOrienter
>>> axis_orienter1 = AxisOrienter(q1, N.i)
>>> D = N.orient_new('D', (axis_orienter1, ))
>>> axis_orienter2 = AxisOrienter(q2, D.j)
>>> D = D.orient_new('D', (axis_orienter2, ))
>>> axis_orienter3 = AxisOrienter(q3, D.k)
>>> D = D.orient_new('D', (axis_orienter3, ))
Acceptable rotation orders are of length 3, expressed in XYZ or
123, and cannot have a rotation about about an axis twice in a row.
>>> body_orienter1 = BodyOrienter(q1, q2, q3, '123')
>>> body_orienter2 = BodyOrienter(q1, q2, 0, 'ZXZ')
>>> body_orienter3 = BodyOrienter(0, 0, 0, 'XYX')
"""
# Dummy initializer for docstrings
pass
[docs]class SpaceOrienter(ThreeAngleOrienter):
"""
Class to denote a space-orienter.
"""
_in_order = False
def __new__(cls, angle1, angle2, angle3, rot_order):
obj = ThreeAngleOrienter.__new__(cls, angle1, angle2, angle3,
rot_order)
return obj
[docs] def __init__(self, angle1, angle2, angle3, rot_order):
"""
Space rotation is similar to Body rotation, but the rotations
are applied in the opposite order.
Parameters
==========
angle1, angle2, angle3 : Expr
Three successive angles to rotate the coordinate system by
rotation_order : string
String defining the order of axes for rotation
See Also
========
BodyOrienter : Orienter to orient systems wrt Euler angles.
Examples
========
>>> from sympy.vector import CoordSysCartesian, SpaceOrienter
>>> from sympy import symbols
>>> q1, q2, q3 = symbols('q1 q2 q3')
>>> N = CoordSysCartesian('N')
To orient a coordinate system D with respect to N, each
sequential rotation is always about N's orthogonal unit vectors.
For example, a '123' rotation will specify rotations about
N.i, then N.j, then N.k.
Therefore,
>>> space_orienter = SpaceOrienter(q1, q2, q3, '312')
>>> D = N.orient_new('D', (space_orienter, ))
is same as
>>> from sympy.vector import AxisOrienter
>>> axis_orienter1 = AxisOrienter(q1, N.i)
>>> B = N.orient_new('B', (axis_orienter1, ))
>>> axis_orienter2 = AxisOrienter(q2, N.j)
>>> C = B.orient_new('C', (axis_orienter2, ))
>>> axis_orienter3 = AxisOrienter(q3, N.k)
>>> D = C.orient_new('C', (axis_orienter3, ))
"""
# Dummy initializer for docstrings
pass
[docs]class QuaternionOrienter(Orienter):
"""
Class to denote a quaternion-orienter.
"""
def __new__(cls, q0, q1, q2, q3):
q0 = sympify(q0)
q1 = sympify(q1)
q2 = sympify(q2)
q3 = sympify(q3)
parent_orient = (Matrix([[q0 ** 2 + q1 ** 2 - q2 ** 2 -
q3 ** 2,
2 * (q1 * q2 - q0 * q3),
2 * (q0 * q2 + q1 * q3)],
[2 * (q1 * q2 + q0 * q3),
q0 ** 2 - q1 ** 2 +
q2 ** 2 - q3 ** 2,
2 * (q2 * q3 - q0 * q1)],
[2 * (q1 * q3 - q0 * q2),
2 * (q0 * q1 + q2 * q3),
q0 ** 2 - q1 ** 2 -
q2 ** 2 + q3 ** 2]]))
parent_orient = parent_orient.T
obj = super(QuaternionOrienter, cls).__new__(cls, q0, q1, q2, q3)
obj._q0 = q0
obj._q1 = q1
obj._q2 = q2
obj._q3 = q3
obj._parent_orient = parent_orient
return obj
[docs] def __init__(self, angle1, angle2, angle3, rot_order):
"""
Quaternion orientation orients the new CoordSysCartesian with
Quaternions, defined as a finite rotation about lambda, a unit
vector, by some amount theta.
This orientation is described by four parameters:
q0 = cos(theta/2)
q1 = lambda_x sin(theta/2)
q2 = lambda_y sin(theta/2)
q3 = lambda_z sin(theta/2)
Quaternion does not take in a rotation order.
Parameters
==========
q0, q1, q2, q3 : Expr
The quaternions to rotate the coordinate system by
Examples
========
>>> from sympy.vector import CoordSysCartesian
>>> from sympy import symbols
>>> q0, q1, q2, q3 = symbols('q0 q1 q2 q3')
>>> N = CoordSysCartesian('N')
>>> from sympy.vector import QuaternionOrienter
>>> q_orienter = QuaternionOrienter(q0, q1, q2, q3)
>>> B = N.orient_new('B', (q_orienter, ))
"""
# Dummy initializer for docstrings
pass
@property
def q0(self):
return self._q0
@property
def q1(self):
return self._q1
@property
def q2(self):
return self._q2
@property
def q3(self):
return self._q3
def _rot(axis, angle):
"""DCM for simple axis 1, 2 or 3 rotations. """
if axis == 1:
return Matrix(rot_axis1(angle).T)
elif axis == 2:
return Matrix(rot_axis2(angle).T)
elif axis == 3:
return Matrix(rot_axis3(angle).T)
